COPPER PIPE FITTINGS

COPPER PIPE FITTINGS
Expiry Review No. RR-2015-003

Orders issued
Monday, November 28, 2016

Reasons issued
Monday, December 12, 2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

IN THE MATTER OF an expiry review, pursuant to subsection 76.03(3) of the Special Import Measures Act, of the orders made by the Canadian International Trade Tribunal on February 17, 2012, in Expiry Review No. RR-2011-001, continuing, without amendment, its findings made on February 19, 2007, in Inquiry No. NQ-2006-002, concerning:

THE DUMPING OF COPPER PIPE FITTINGS ORIGNATING IN OR EXPORTED FORM THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND THE SUBSIDIZING OF COPPER PIPE FITTINGS ORIGINATING IN OR EXPORTED FROM THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

ORDERS

The Canadian International Trade Tribunal, pursuant to subsection 76.03(3) of the Special Import Measures Act, has conducted an expiry review of its orders made on February 17, 2012, in Expiry Review No. RR-2011-001, continuing, without amendment, its findings made on February 19, 2007, in Inquiry No. NQ-2006-002, concerning the dumping of solder joint pressure pipe fittings and solder joint drainage, waste and vent pipe fittings, made of cast copper alloy, wrought copper alloy or wrought copper, for use in heating, plumbing, air conditioning and refrigeration applications, originating in or exported from the United States of America, the Republic of Korea and the People’s Republic of China, and the subsidizing of such goods originating in or exported from the People’s Republic of China, restricted to the products enumerated in the appendix to the orders made on February 17, 2012, in Expiry Review No. RR-2011-001.

Pursuant to paragraph 76.03(12)(b) of the Special Import Measures Act, the Canadian International Trade Tribunal hereby continues, with amendment to exclude certain products, its order in respect of the aforementioned goods originating in or exported from the Republic of Korea and the People’s Republic of China. The list of products covered by the present order is included in the appendix herewith.

Pursuant to paragraph 76.03(12)(b) and subsection 76.04(1) of the Special Import Measures Act, the Canadian International Trade Tribunal hereby continues, with amendment to exclude certain products, its order in respect of the aforementioned goods originating in or exported from the United States of America. The list of products covered by the present order is included in the appendix herewith.

Furthermore, the Canadian International Trade Tribunal excludes from its orders copper-iron high‑pressure alloy fittings manufactured with UNS C19400 grade copper alloy and with safe working pressure up to 1,740 psi.

Rose Ritcey
Rose Ritcey
Presiding Member

Daniel Petit
Daniel Petit
Member

Serge Fréchette
Serge Fréchette
Member

The statement of reasons will be issued within 15 days.

APPENDIX

Products Covered by the Orders made by the Canadian International Trade Tribunal on November 28, 2016, in Expiry Review No. RR-2015-003

1.    The tables to this appendix list, by product category, the copper pipe fittings that are covered by the orders. Where an asterisk (*) follows a specific copper pipe fitting description, it indicates that both wrought and cast copper pipe fittings are covered by the orders.

2.    Copper pipe fittings are identified in terms of imperial measurement, i.e. inches. However, the metric equivalents of the imperial measurement are also covered by the orders. The term “metric equivalent” refers to those copper pipe fittings that are soft converted equivalents of the imperial-sized copper pipe fittings and does not include fittings that are made specifically in metric dimensions. Copper pipe fittings are also identified in terms of nominal size.

3.    Copper pipe fittings are identified in the tables to this appendix using the following abbreviated terms:

Abbreviation Chart

WP

Wrought Pressure

FTG

Fitting End (Street End)

WD

Wrought Drainage

LT

Long Turn

CP

Cast Pressure

MJ

Mechanical Joint

CD

Cast Drainage

DE

Drop Ear

C

Copper Tube Cupped End or Sweat End

DWV

Drainage Waste, Vent

M

Male NPT Thread

TY

90˚ Drainage Tee

FE

Female NPT Thread

Y

45˚ Drainage Tee

SJ

Slip Joint End

 

 
 

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – Female Adapters

1-1/4 CXFE CD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 FTGXFE CD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 CXFE CD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXFE CD ADAPTER*

3 FTGXFE CD ADAPTER*

2 CXFE CD ADAPTER*

3 CXFE CD ADAPTER*

4 CXFE CD ADAPTER*

1/2 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/8 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/4 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

3/4 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1/2 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1-1/4 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1-1/2 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1 C X FE CP ADAPTER*

1 X 1/2 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1 X 3/4 C X FE CP ADAPTER*

1 X 1-1/4 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 1/2 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 3/4 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 1 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1/2 FTGXFE CP ADAPTER*

1 FTGXFE CP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 3/4 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 1 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 2 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

2 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

2-1/2 C X FE CP ADAPTER*

3 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 CXFE WD ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 1-1/2 CXFE WD ADAPTER*

1-1/4 FTGXFE WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 FTGXFE WD ADAPTER*

2 FTGXFE WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 CXFE WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXFE WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 2 CXFE WD ADAPTER*

3 FTGXFE WD ADAPTER*

2 C X FE WD ADAPTER*

2 X 1-1/2 CXFE WD ADAPTER*

3 C X FE WD ADAPTER*

1/4 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

3/8 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

3/8 X 1/4 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

3/8 X 1/2 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1/2 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 1/4 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/8 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/4 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 1 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

5/8 X 1/2 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

5/8 X 3/4 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

3/4 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1/2 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1-1/4 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1-1/2 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

1 X 1/2 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1 X 3/4 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1 X 1-1/4 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1 X 1-1/2 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 C X 3/4 FE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 1 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 1-1/2 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 2 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1/4 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

3/8 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

3/8 X 1/4 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

1/2 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 1/4 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/8 FTG X FE ADAPTER*

1/2 FTG X 3/4 FE WP ADAPTER*

3/4 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

3/4 FTG X 1/2 FE WP ADAPTER*

1 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

1 FTG X 3/4 FE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

2 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

2-1/2 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 C X 1 FE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 2 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

3 FTGXFE WP ADAPTER*

2 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

2 X 1 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

2 X 1-1/4 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

2 X 1-1/2 CXFE WP ADAPTER*

2-1/2 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

3 C X FE WP ADAPTER*

 

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – Male Adapters

1-1/4 CXM CD ADAPTER*

1-1/4X1-1/2 CXM CD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 FTGXM CD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 CXM CD ADAPTER*

1-1/2X1-1/4 CXM CD ADAPTER*

2 CXM CD ADAPTER*

2 X 1-1/2 CXM CD ADAPTER*

3 CXM CD ADAPTER*

4 CXM CD ADAPTER*

1/2 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/4 CXM CP ADAPTER*

3/4 CXM CP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1/2 CXM CP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1-1/4 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1 X 1/2 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1 X 1-1/4 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1 X 1-1/2 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 1/2 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 1 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 3/4 CXM CP ADAPTER*

2 CXM CP ADAPTER*

2 X 1-1/2 C X M CP ADAPTER*

2-1/2 CXM CP ADAPTER*

3 CXM CP ADAPTER*

4 CXM CP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 M X 1-1/2 WD ADAPTER*

1-1/4 CXM WD ADAPTER*

1-1/4X1-1/2 CXM WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 FTGXM WD ADAPTER*

2 FTGXM WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 CXM WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXM WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 2 CXM WD ADAPTER*

2 CXM WD ADAPTER*

2 X 1-1/2 CXM WD ADAPTER*

3 CXM WD ADAPTER*

4 CXM WD ADAPTER*

1-1/4 CXM WD FLUSH TRAP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 CXM WD FLUSH TRAP ADAPTER*

2 CXM WD FL TRAP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 CXM WD SCULLY BUSHING*

2 CXM WD SCULLY BUSHING*

1/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1/4 X 3/8 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1/4 X 1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

3/8 CXM WP ADAPTER*

3/8 X 1/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

3/8 X 1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 1/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/8 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 1 CXM WP ADAPTER*

5/8 X 1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

5/8 X 3/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

3/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

3/4 C X 3/8 WP M ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1 CXM WP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1-1/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1-1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1 X 1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1 X 3/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1 X 1-1/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1 X 1-1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1 X 2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 3/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 1 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 1-1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1/4 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

3/8 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

1/2 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/8 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/4 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

3/4 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

3/4 X 1/2 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

1 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

1 X 3/4 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/4 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

2 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

2-1/2 FTGXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 1 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

3 FTG X M WP ADAPTER*

2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

2 X 1-1/4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

2 X 1-1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

2 X 2-1/2 C X M WP ADAPTER*

2-1/2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

2-1/2 X 2 CXM WP ADAPTER*

3 CXM WP ADAPTER*

4 CXM WP ADAPTER*

1/2 X 3/4 C X HOSE WP ADAPTER*

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – Other Adapters

1-1/4 X 2 CXSP CD FERRULE*

1-1/2 X 2 CXSP CD FERRULE*

1-1/2 X 3 CXSP CD FERRULE*

2 CXSP CD FERRULE*

2 X 3 CXSP CD FERRULE*

2 X 4 CXSP CD FERRULE*

3 CXSP CD FERRULE*

3 X 4 CXSP CD FERRULE*

4 CXSP CD FERRULE*

3 X 4 CXSP CD ECCENTRIC FERRULE*

1-1/4 X 2 CXMJ CD ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 3 CXMJ CD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 2 CXMJ CD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 3 CXMJ CD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 4 CXMJ CD ADAPTER*

2 X 3 CXMJ CD ADAPTER*

2 X 4 CXMJ CD ADAPTER*

3 CXMJ CD ADAPTER*

3 X 4 CXMJ CD ADAPTER*

4 CXMJ CD ADAPTER*

6 C X M J CD ADAPTER*

1-1/4 FTGXSJ CD ADAPTER*

4 ACT(3S)X1-1/2C-30 CD ROOF ADAPTER*

4 ACT(3S) X 2C-30 CD ROOF ADAPTER*

4 SOIL(5A)X 1-1/2 C CD ROOF ADAPTER*

2 C X SJ CD ADAPTER*

2 C X MJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/4 FE X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 FE X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X1-1/4 FE X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/4 FTG X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 FTG X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 FTG X SJ ADAPTER*

1-1/4 M X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 M X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 M X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/4 C X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/4 X 1-1/2 CXSJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 C X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXSJ WD ADAPTER*

2 C X SJ WD ADAPTER*

1/2 CXM WP FLUSH VALVE ADAPTER*

3/4 CXM WP FLUSH VALVE ADAPTER*

 

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – Bushings

3 X 1-1/2 FTGXC CD BUSHING*

5 X 4 FTGXC CP BUSHING*

6 X 2 FTGXC CP BUSHING*

6 X 3 FTGXC CP BUSHING*

6 X 4 FTGXC CP BUSHING*

6 X 5 FTGXC CP BUSHING*

1 X 1/2 FTGXFE CP FLUSH BUSHING*

1-1/4 X 1 FTGXFE CP FLUSH ADAPTER*

1 1/2 FTG X 1 FE C CP FLUSH BUSHING*

1-1/2X1-1/4 FTGXC WD BUSHING*

2 X 1-1/4 FTGXC WD BUSHING*

2 X 1-1/2 FTGXC WD BUSHING*

3 X 1-1/4 FTGXC WD BUSHING*

3 X 1-1/2 FTGXC WD BUSHING*

3 X 2 FTGXC WD BUSHING*

4 X 2 FTGXC WD BUSHING*

4 X 3 FTGXC WD BUSHING*

1-1/4 CXM WD TRAP BUSHING*

1-1/2 CXM WD TRAP BUSHING*

2 CXM WD TRAP BUSHING*

3/8 X 1/8 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3/8 X 1/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1/2 X 1/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1/2 X 3/8 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

5/8 X 1/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

5/8 X 3/8 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

5/8 X 1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3/4 X 1/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3/4 X 3/8 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3/4 X 1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3/4 X 5/8 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1 X 3/8 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1 X 1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1 X 5/8 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1 X 3/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1-1/4 X 1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1-1/4 X 3/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1-1/4 X 1 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1-1/2 X 1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1-1/2 X 3/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1-1/2 X 1 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1-1/2 X1-1/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

2 X 1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

2 X 3/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

2 X 1 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

2 X 1-1/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

2 X 1-1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

2-1/2 X 1 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

2-1/2 X 1-1/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

2-1/2 X 1-1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

2-1/2 X 2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3 X 1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3 X 3/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3 X 1 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3 X 1-1/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3 X 1-1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3 X 2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3 X 2-1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3-1/2 X 2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3-1/2 X 2-1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

3-1/2 X 3 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

4 X 1-1/4 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

4 X 1-1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

4 X 2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

4 X 2-1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

4 X 3 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

4 X 3-1/2 FTGXC WP BUSHING*

1/2 X 1/4 FTGXC WP FLUSH BUSHING*

1/2 X 3/8 FTGXC WP FLUSH BUSHING*

5/8 X 3/8 FTGXC WP FLUSH BUSHING*

3/4 X 1/2 FTGXC WP FLUSH BUSHING*

1 X 1/2 FTGXC WP FLUSH BUSHING*

1 X 3/4 FTGXC WP FLUSH BUSHING*

1-1/4X3/4 FTGXC W FL BUSHING*

1-1/4 X 1 FTGXC WP FLUSH BUSHING*

1-1/2 X 1 FTGXC WP FLUSH BUSHING*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 FTGXC WP FLUSH BUSHING*

2 X 1-1/2 FTGXC WP FLUSH BUSHING*

1 X 1/2 FE WP FLUSH BUSHING*

1-1/4 X 3/4 FE WP FLUSH BUSHING*

1-1/4 X 1 FTGXFE WP FLUSH BUSHING*

1-1/2 X 1 FTGXFE WP FLUSH BUSHING*

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – Couplings

3/4 CXC CP COUPLING*

1-1/4 CXC CP COUPLING*

4 CXC CP COUPLING*

5 X 3 CXC CP COUPLING*

5 X 4 CXC CP COUPLING*

6 X 2 CXC CP COUPLING*

6 X 3 CXC CP COUPLING*

6 X 4 CXC CP COUPLING*

6 X 5 CXC CP COUPLING*

1 X 1/2 CP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

3/4 X 1/2 CXC CP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

1-1/4 X 1/2 CP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

1 X 3/4 CXC CP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXC CP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

1-1/2 X 1 CXC CP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

2 X 1-1/2 CXC CP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

2 X 1-1/4 CXC CP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

3/4 CXC CP CROSSOVER COUPLING*

3 X 2 CXC CP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

1/2 X 1 X 1/2 CXMXFE CP BOILER COUPLING

1/2C X 1M X 1/2 FE CP BOILER COUPLING

1-1/2 CXC WD COUPLING*

1-1/4 CXC WD COUPLING*

2 CXC WD COUPLING*

1-1/2X 1-1/4 CXC WD COUPLING*

2 X 1-1/2 CXC WD COUPLING*

2 X 1-1/4 CXC WD COUPLING*

3 X 1-1/4 CXC WD COUPLING*

3 CXC WD COUPLING*

3 X 2 CXC WD COUPLING*

3 X 1-1/2 CXC WD COUPLING*

4 X 1-1/2 CXC WD COUPLING*

4 CXC WD COUPLING*

4 X 3 CXC WD COUPLING*

4 X 2 CXC WD COUPLING*

4 X 3 CXC CD COUPLING*

4 X 1-1/2 CXC CD COUPLING*

1-1/4 CXC WD COUPLING NO STOP*

6 CXC WD COUPLING*

2 CXC WD COUPLING NO STOP*

1-1/2 CXC WD COUPLING NO STOP*

4 CXC WD COUPLING NO STOP*

3 CXC WD COUPLING NO STOP*

1/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

1/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

3/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

1/4 X 1/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

3/8 X 1/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

1/2 X 1/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

1/2 X 1/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

5/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

1/2 X 3/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

5/8 X 3/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

5/8 X 1/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

3/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

5/8 X 1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

3/4 X 3/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

3/4 X 1/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

3/4 X 5/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

3/4 X 1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

1 X 3/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

1 CXC WP COUPLING*

1 X 5/8 CXC WP COUPLING*

1 X 1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

1-1/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

1 X 3/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

1-1/4 X 3/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

1-1/4 X 1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

1-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

1-1/4 X 1 CXC WP COUPLING*

1-1/2 X 3/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

1-1/2 X 1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

1-1/2 X 1 CXC WP COUPLING*

2 X 1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

2 CXC WP COUPLING*

2 X 1 CXC WP COUPLING*

2 X 3/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

2 X 1-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

2 X 1-1/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

2-1/2 X 3/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

2-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

2-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

2-1/2 X 1 CXC WP COUPLING*

2-1/2 X 2 CXC WP COUPLING*

2-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

3 X 3/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

3 CXC WP COUPLING*

3 X 1-1/4 CXC WP COUPLING*

3 X 1 CXC WP COUPLING*

3 X 2 CXC WP COUPLING*

3 X 1-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

3-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

3 X 2-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

4 CXC WP COUPLING*

3-1/2 X 3 CXC WP COUPLING*

4 X 2 CXC WP COUPLING*

4 X 1-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

4 X 3 CXC WP COUPLING*

4 X 2-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

5 CXC WP COUPLING*

4 X 3-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING*

6 X 2-1/2 WP COUPLINGS*

6 CXC WP COUPLING*

1-1/4 X 1 CXC WP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

1-1/4 X 3/4 CXC WP ECCENTRIC COUPLING*

1/4 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

1/8 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

1/2 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

3/8 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

3/4 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

5/8 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

1-1/4 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

1 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

2 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

1-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

3 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

2-1/2 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

5 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

4 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

1/2 X 3 CXC WP REPAIR COUPLING

6 CXC WP COUPLING NO STOP*

3/4 X 3 C X C WP REPAIR COUPLING

1/2 X 6 C X C WP REPAIR COUPLING

1/4 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

1/8 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

1/2 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

3/8 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

3/4 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

5/8 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

1-1/4 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

1 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

2 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

1-1/2 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

3 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

2-1/2 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

1/2 X 3-1/4 FTGXC WP SLIDE COUPLING

4 CXC WP RING COUPLING*

1/2 CXC WP CROSSOVER COUPLING*

3/4 X 5 FTGXC WP SLIDE COUPLING

3/4 CXC WP CROSSOVER COUPLING*

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – Elbows

1-1/4 CXC 11-1/4 CD ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXC 11-1/4 CD ELBOW*

2 CXC 11-1/4 CD ELBOW*

3 CXC 11-1/4 CD ELBOW*

4 C X C 11-1/4 CD ELBOW*

1-1/4 CXC 22-1/2 CD ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXC 22-1/2 CD ELBOW*

2 CXC 22-1/2 CD ELBOW*

3 CXC 22-1/2 CD ELBOW*

4 CXC 22-1/2 CD ELBOW*

3 FTGXC 45 CD ELBOW*

4 FTGXC 45 CD ELBOW*

2 CXM CD 45 ELBOW*

1-1/4 CXC 45 CD ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXC 45 CD ELBOW*

2 CXC 45 CD ELBOW*

3 CXC 45 CD ELBOW*

4 CXC 45 CD ELBOW*

1-1/4 CXC 60 CD ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXC 60 CD ELBOW*

2 CXC 60 CD ELBOW*

3 CXC 60 CD ELBOW*

1-1/4 FTGXC CD 90 ELBOW*

1-1/4 CXC CD 90 ELBOW*

2 FTGXC CD 90 ELBOW*

1-1/2 FTGXC CD 90 ELBOW*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXC CD 90 ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXC CD 90 ELBOW*

4 FTGXC CD 90 ELBOW*

3 CD FTGXC 90 ELBOW*

2X 1-1/4 CXC CD 90 ELBOW*

2 CXC CD 90 ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXFE CD 90 ELBOW*

2 X 1-1/2 CXC CD 90 ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXM CD 90 ELBOW

2 CXFE CD 90 ELBOW*

3 CXC CD 90 ELBOW

2 CXM CD 90 ELBOW

1/2 C X M CP 45 ELBOW

4 CXC CD 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 C X M CP 45 ELBOW

3/4 C X M CP 45 ELBOW

6 CXC CP 45 ELBOW

4 CXC CP 45 ELBOW

1-1/4 CXC CP 90 ELBOW

1/2 C X C CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 X 3/4 CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 X 1 CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 X 1/2 CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 X 3/4 CXC CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 X 1 CXC CP 90 ELBOW

1/2 X 1 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1/2 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

3/4 X 1/2 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1/2 X 3/4 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

3/4 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1 X 3/4 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

3/4 X 1 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 X 1/2 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1 X 1/2 C X FE CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 X 1 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 X 3/4 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

2 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 X 1 C X FE CP 90 ELBOW

1/2 CXM CP 90 ELBOW

3 C X FE CP 90 ELBOW

1/2 X 3/4 CXM CP 90 ELBOW

1/2 X 3/8 CXM CP 90 ELBOW

3/4 X 1/2 CXM CP 90 ELBOW

3/4 CXM CP 90 ELBOW

1 CXM CP 90 ELBOW

3/4 C X 1 M CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 CXM CP P 90 ELBOW

1 X 3/4 CXM CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 CXM CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 X 1 CXM CP 90 ELBOW

1/2C X 1/8FE X 1/2C CP BASE TEE*

2 CXM CP 90 ELBOW

3/4C X 1/8FE X 3/4C CP BASE TEE*

6 CXC CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4C X 1/8FEX1-1/4C CP BASE TEE*

1/2C X 1/8FE X 3/4C CP BASE TEE*

1-1/4 CXFTG WD 45 ELBOW*

1C X 1/8FE X 1 C CP BASE TEE*

2 FTGXC WD 45 ELBOW*

1-1/2 FTGXC WD 45 ELBOW*

1-1/4 CXC WD 45 ELBOW*

3 C X FTG WD 45 ELBOW*

2 CXC WD 45 ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXC WD 45 ELBOW*

1-1/4 CXC WD 90 ELBOW*

3 CXC WD 45 ELBOW*

1-1/2 FTGXC WD 90 ELBOW*

1-1/4 FTGXC WD 90 ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXC WD 90 ELBOW*

2 FTGXC WD 90 ELBOW*

3 CXC WD 90 ELBOW*

2 CXC WD 90 ELBOW*

2 CXC WD 90 LT ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXC WD 90 LT ELBOW*

3/8 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

1/4 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

5/8 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

1/2 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

1 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

3/4 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

1/4 FTG X C WP 45 ELBOW*

1-1/4 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

1/2 FTGXC WP 45 ELBOW*

3/8 FTGXC WP 45 ELBOW*

3/4 FTGXC WP 45 ELBOW*

5/8 FTGXC WP 45 ELBOW*

1-1/4 FTGXC WP 45 ELBOW*

1 FTGXC WP 45 ELBOW*

2 FTGXC WP 45 ELBOW*

1-1/2 FTGXC WP 45 ELBOW*

2-1/2 FTGXC WP 45 ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

2-1/2 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

2 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

4 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

3 CXC WP 45 ELBOW*

3/8 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1/4 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

5/8 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1/2 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

3/4 X 1/2 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

3/4 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1 X 1/2 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1-1/4 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1 X 3/4 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1/4 FTGXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1-1/4 X 1 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1/2 FTGXC WP 90 ELBOW*

3/8 FTGXC WP 90 ELBOW*

3/4 FTGXC WP 90 ELBOW*

5/8 FTGXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1-1/4 FTGXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1 FTGXC WP 90 ELBOW*

3/4 FTG X FTG WP 90 ELBOW*

1/2 FTGXFTG WP 90 ELBOW*

2 FTGXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1-1/2 FTGXC WP 90 ELBOW*

2-1/2 FTGXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1-1/2 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

2 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1-1/2CX 1-1/4C WP 90 ELBOW*

3 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

2-1/2 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1/2 CXC WP 90 VENT ELBOW*

4 CXC WP 90 ELBOW*

1 CXC WP 90 VENT ELBOW*

3/4 CXC WP 90 VENT ELBOW*

3/8 CXC LT WP 90 ELBOW

1/4 CXC LT WP 90 ELBOW

5/8 CXC LT WP 90 ELBOW

1/2 CXC LT WP 90 ELBOW

1 CXC LT WP 90 ELBOW

3/4 CXC LT WP 90 ELBOW

1/4 CXFTG LT WP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 CXC LT WP 90 ELBOW

1/2 C X FTG LT WP 90 ELBOW

3/8 C X FTG LT WP 90 ELBOW

3/4 CXFTG LT WP 90 ELBOW

5/8 CXFTG LT WP 90 ELBOW

1-1/4 CXFTG LT WP 90 ELBOW

1 CXFTG LT WP 90 ELBOW

2 CXFTG LT WP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 CXFTG LT WP 90 ELBOW

2 CXC LT WP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 CXC LT WP 90 ELBOW

 

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – Flanges

3 X 4 CXC CD CLOSET FLANGE*

8 COMPANION CP FLANGE 150# SILVER BRAZED

1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

4 X 4 CXC CD CLOSET FLANGE*

1 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

3/4 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

1-1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

1-1/4 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

2-1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

3-1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE #125

3 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

5 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

4 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

8 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

6 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 125#

3/4 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

1-1/4 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

1 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

1-1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

3 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

2-1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

4 X 9 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

3-1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

6 CP COMPANION FLANGE -150#

5 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 300#

8 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 150#

1-1/4 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 300#

1 X 5 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 300#

2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 300#

1-1/2 X 6-1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE-300#

3 X 8-1/4 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 300#

2-1/2 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 300#

1-1/2 CP BLIND COMPANION FLANGE

4 CP COMPANION FLANGE - 300#

3 X 7-1/2 CP BLIND COMPANION FLANGE

2 X 6 CP BLIND COMPANION FLANGE

8 COMPANION CP FLANGE 125# SILVER BRAZED

13-1/2 X 8 CP BLIND COMPANION FLANGE

3 COMPANION CP FLANGE 150# SILVER BRAZED

 

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – Pressure Tees

1/2 X 1/2 X 1/4 CXCXFE CP TEE

1/2 CXCXFE CP TEE

1/2 X 1/2 X 3/4 CXCXFE CP TEE

1/2C X 1/2C X 3/8FE CP TEE

3/4C X 1/2C X 1/2FE CP TEE

3/4 CXCXFE CP TEE

3/4 X 3/4 X 3/8 CCFE CP TEE

3/4 X 1/2 X 3/4 CXCXFE CP TEE

3/4 X 3/4 X 1 CXCXFE CP TEE

3/4C X 3/4C X 1/2FE CP TEE

1 X 1 X 1/2 CXCXFE CP TEE

1 CXCXFE CP CP TEE

1-1/4 CXCXFE CP TEE

1 X 1 X 3/4 CXCXFE CP TEE

1-1/4 X 1-1/4 X 3/4 CCFE CP TEE

1-1/4 X 1-1/4 X 1/2 CCFE CP TEE

1-1/2 CXCXFE CP TEE

1-1/4X1-1/4X1 CCFE CP TEE

1-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 3/4 CCFE CP TEE

1-1/2X1-1/2X1/2 CCFE CP TEE

1/2 CXFEXFE CP TEE

1-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 1 CCFE CP TEE

3/4 C X FE X FE CP TEE

1/2C X 3/4FE X 1/2FE CP TEE

2 CXCXFE CP TEE

3/4 C X 3/4 FE X 1/2 FE CP TEE

2 X 2 X 3/4 CXCXFE CP TEE

2 X 2 X 1/2 CXCXFE CP TEE

1/2 CXFEXC CP TEE

2 X 2 X 1 CXCXFE CP TEE

1/2C X 3/4FE X 1/2C CP TEE

3/8 C X FE X C CP TEE

3/4 X 1/2 X 1/2 CXFEXC CP TEE

1/2C X 1/2FE X 3/4C CP TEE

3/4C X 3/4FE X 1/2C CP TEE

3/4 CXFEXC CP TEE

1C X 1/2FE X 1C CP TEE

3/4C X 1/2FE X 3/4C CP TEE

1-1/4 CXFEXC CP TEE

1 CXFEXC CP TEE

1-1/4 X 3/4 X 1-1/4 CXFEXC CP TEE

1 X 3/4 X 1 CXFEXC CP TEE

1-1/2X1/2X1-1/2 CXFEXC CP TEE

1-1/4 X 1/2 X 1-1/4 CXFEXC CP TEE

1/2 FEXFEXC CP TEE

1-1/2 C X FE X C CP TEE

3/4FE X 1/2FE X 1/2C CP TEE

1-1/2X3/4X1-1/2 CXFEXC CP TEE

3/4FE X 3/4FE X 1/2C CP TEE

3/4 FEXFEXC CP TEE

2 X 1/2 X 2 CXFEXC CP TEE

3/4FE X 1/2FE X 3/4C CP TEE

3/4 CXCXCXC CP CROSS*

2 C X FE X C CP TEE

1-1/2 CXCXCXC CP CROSSES*

2 X 3/4 X 2 CXFEXC CP TEE

3/4 CXFTGXC CP TEE*

1/2 CXCXCXC CP CROSS*

2-1/2 X 1/2 X 2-1/2 CP TEE*

1 CXCXCXC CP CROSS*

5 CXCXC CP TEE*

2 CXCXCXC CP CROSS*

6 CXCXC CP TEE*

2 X 2 X 3 CXCXC CP TEE*

1/8 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CP TEE*

3/8 CXCXC WP TEE*

5 X 5 X 3 CXCXC CP TEE*

1/2 X 1/2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

3/4FE X 1/8 FE X 3/4C WP BASEBOARD TEE*

3/4 X 1/2 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

3/4 X 3/4 X 1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3/4 X 3/4 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1 X 1/2 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3/4 X 1/2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1 X 1/2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

3/4C X 3/4C X 3/8C CXCXC WP TEE*

1 X 3/4 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1 CXCXC WP TEE*

1 X 1 X 3/8 CXCXC WP TEE*

1 X 1/2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1 X 1 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1 X 3/4 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 1/2 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1 X 3/4 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 1/2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

1 X 1 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 3/4 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 3/4 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 1/2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 1 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 1 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 3/4 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 1-1/4 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 3/4 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4C X 1-1/4C X 1C CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 1 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1/2 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 1 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1/2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/4 X 1-1/4 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 CXCXC CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 3/4 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1/2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 3/4 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 3/4 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 3/4 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 3/4 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 CXCXC CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 3/4 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

1-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1/2 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/4 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/4 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

2C X 1C X 1-1/4C CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/2 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/4 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/4 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 2 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 1-1/2 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1/2 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 3/4 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2 X 2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 3/4 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/4CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2-1/2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2-1/2 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2-1/2 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 3/4 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2-1/2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 1-1/4 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

2-1/2 X 2-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 1-1/2 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 1 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 1-1/2 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2-1/2 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2-1/2 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2-1/2 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2-1/2 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 3 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 3 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 2-1/2 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 3 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 3 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 3 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 2 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 3 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 2-1/2 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

3 X 3 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 3 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 1-1/2 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 3 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 2 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 4 X 3/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 2-1/2 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 4 X 1-1/4 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 3 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 4 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 4 X 1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 4 X 3 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 4 X 1 CXCXC WP TEE*

5 X 5 X 2 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 4 X 1-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

4 X 4 X 2-1/2 CXCXC WP TEE*

 

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – Unions

2-1/2 CXFE CP UNION*

2-1/2 CXC CP UNION*

2 CXM CP UNION*

2-1/2 C X M CP UNION*

3 CXC CP UNION*

1 CXC WP UNION*

3/4 CXC WP UNION*

1-1/2 C X C WP UNION*

1-1/4 CXC WP UNION*

3/4 C X FE WP UNION*

1/2 C X FE WP UNION*

2 CXC WP UNION*

1 C X FE WP UNION*

1-1/2 C X FE WP UNION*

1-1/4 C X FE WP UNION*

1/2 C X M WP UNION*

2 C X FE WP UNION*

1 C X M WP UNION*

3/4 C X M WP UNION*

1-1/2 C X M WP UNION*

1-1/4 C X M WP UNION*

2 C X M WP UNION*

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – DWV TY’s

1-1/2 CXCXC CD TY*

1-1/4 CXCXC CD TY*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/2 CXCXC CD TY*

1-1/2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/4 CXCXC CD TY*

3 FTG X C X C CD TY*

1-1/2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC CD TY*

3 X 3 X 1-1/2 FTGXCXC CD TY*

3 X 3 X 1-1/4 FTGXCXC CD TY*

2 CXCXC CD TY*

3 X 3 X 2 FTGXCXC CD TY*

2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/2 CXCXC CD TY*

2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/4 CXCXC CD TY*

2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC CD TY*

2 X 1-1/4 X 2 CXCXC CD TY*

2 X 1-1/2 X 2 CXCXC CD TY*

2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC CD TY*

2 X 2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC CD TY*

2 X 2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC CD TY*

2 CXCXFE CD TY

1-1/2 CXCXFE CD TY*

3 CXCXC CD TY*

2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXF CD TY

3 X 2 X 1-1/2 CXCXC CD TY*

3 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/4 CXCXC CD TY*

3 X 3 X 1-1/2 CXCXC CD TY*

3 X 3 X 1-1/4 CXCXC CD TY*

4 CXCXC CD TY*

3 X 3 X 2 CXCXC CD TY*

4 X 4 X 2 CXCXC CD TY*

4 X 4 X 1-1/2 CXCXC CD TY*

2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE LONG TURN TY

4 X 4 X 3 CXCXC CD TY*

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – DWV Y’s

1-1/4 CXCXC CD 45 Y*

1-1/2CX 1-1/4CX 1-1/2C CD 45 Y*

1-1/2CX 1-1/4CX 1-1/4C CD 45 Y*

2 CXCXC 45 CD Y*

1-1/2CX 1-1/2CX 1-1/4C CD 45 Y*

2CX 1-1/4CX 1-1/2C CD 45 Y*

2CX 1-1/4CX 1-1/4C CD 45 Y*

2CX 1-1/2CX 1-1/4C CD 45 Y*

2CX 1-1/4CX 2C CD 45 Y*

2CX 1-1/2CX 2C CD 45 Y*

2CX 1-1/2CX 1-1/2C CD 45 Y*

2CX 2CX 1-1/2C CD 45 Y*

2CX 2CX 1-1/4C CD 45 Y*

3C X 2C X 2C CD 45 Y*

3 CXCXC CD 45 Y*

3CX 3CX 1-1/2C CD 45 Y*

3CX 3CX 1-1/4C CD 45 Y*

4 CXCXC CD 45 Y*

3CX 3CX 2C CD 45 Y*

4CX 4CX 3C CD 45 Y*

4CX 4CX 2C CD 45 Y*

1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD 45 DOUBLE Y

 

Subject Copper Pipe Fittings – Caps and Cleanouts

1-1/2 CXC/O CD TUBE END CLEANOUT*

3 CD CXC/O TUBE END CLEANOUT*

3 FTGXC/O CD CLEANOUT - FLUSH TYPE*

4 FTGXC/O CD CLEANOUT - FLUSH TYPE*

1-1/4 FTGXC/O CD CLEANOUT - FULL PLUG*

1-1/2 FTGXC/O CD CLEANOUT - FULL PLUG*

2 FTGXC/O CD CLEANOUT - FULL PLUG*

3 FTGXC/O CD CLEANOUT - FULL PLUG*

4 FTGXC/O CD CLEANOUT - FULL PLUG*

1-1/4 CXCO WD TUBE END CLEANOUT*

1-1/2 CXCO WD TUBE END CLEANOUT*

2 CXCO WD TUBE END CLEANOUT*

3 CXCO WD TUBE END CLEANOUT*

1-1/4 WD FLUSH FTGXCO CLEANOUT*

1-1/2 FTGXCO WD CLEANOUT-FLUSH TYPE*

1-1/2 X 1 FTGXCO WD CLEANOUT - FLUSH*

2 FTGXCO WD CLEANOUT-FLUSH TYPE*

1-1/4 FTGXCO WD CLEANOUT FULL PLUG*

1-1/2 FTGXCO WD CLEANOUT FULL PLUG*

2 FTGXCO WD CLEANOUT FULL PLUG*

 

Place of Hearing: Ottawa, Ontario
Dates of Hearing: October 11 and 12, 2016

Tribunal Members: Rose Ritcey, Presiding Member
Daniel Petit, Member
Serge Fréchette, Member

Counsel for the Tribunal: Anja Grabundzija
Alexandra Pietrzak

Lead Analyst: Gayatri Shankarraman

Analysts: Suzanne Cullen
Grant MacDougall

Senior Registrar Officer: Julie Lescom

Registrar Support Officer: Jennifer Gribbon

PARTICIPANTS:

Domestic Producer

Counsel/Representative

Cello Products Inc.

Victoria Bazan

 

Importers/Exporters/Others

Counsel/Representatives

Mueller Industries, Inc.
Mueller Streamline Co.
Streamline Copper and Brass Ltd.

Christopher J. Kent
Christopher J. Cochlin
Andrew M. Lanouette
Hugh Seong Seok Lee
Michael Milne
Susana May Yon Lee
Cynthia C. Wallace

WITNESSES:

Peter Howell
Vice-President of Sales and Marketing
Cello Products Inc.

Hans Ratz
Vice-President of Product Development
Cello Products Inc.

Please address all communications to:

The Registrar
Secretariat to the Canadian International Trade Tribunal
333 Laurier Avenue West
15th Floor
Ottawa, Ontario  K1A 0G7

Telephone: 613-993-3595
Fax: 613-990-2439
E-mail: citt-tcce@tribunal.gc.ca

STATEMENT OF REASONS

INTRODUCTION

  1. This is an expiry review, pursuant to subsection 76.03(3) of the Special Import Measures Act,[1] of the orders made by the Canadian International Trade Tribunal (the Tribunal) on February 17, 2012, in Expiry Review No. RR-2011-001, continuing, without amendment, its findings made on February 19, 2007, in Inquiry No. NQ-2006-002, concerning the dumping of solder joint pressure pipe fittings and solder joint drainage, waste and vent pipe fittings, made of cast copper alloy, wrought copper alloy or wrought copper, for use in heating, plumbing, air conditioning and refrigeration applications (the subject goods), originating in or exported from the United States of America (United States), the Republic of Korea (Korea) and the People’s Republic of China (China) and the subsidizing of such goods originating in or exported from China, restricted to the products enumerated in the appendix to the orders made on February 17, 2012, in Expiry Review No. RR-2011-001.
  2. Under SIMA, findings of injury or threat of injury and the associated protection in the form of anti‑dumping or countervailing duties expire five years from the date of the last order or finding, unless an expiry review has been initiated before that date. The orders made on February 17, 2012, are therefore scheduled to expire on February 16, 2017.
  3. On March 22, 2016, the Tribunal gave notice that it would initiate an expiry review. On July 20, 2016, the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) determined that the expiry of the orders was likely to result in the continuation or resumption of dumping of the subject goods originating in or exported from the United States, Korea and China and was likely to result in the continuation or resumption of subsidizing of the subject goods originating in or exported from China.
  4. The Tribunal’s mandate is to determine if the continued or resumed dumping and subsidizing are likely to result in injury.
  5. The period of review (POR) in this case is from January 1, 2013, to March 31, 2016.

PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

  1. As part of its expiry review, the Tribunal requested that domestic producers, importers and foreign producers of copper pipe fittings complete questionnaires. From the replies to the questionnaires and other information on the record, the Tribunal’s staff[2] prepared public and protected investigation reports.[3] The Tribunal also invited interested parties to make submissions and submit evidence in support of or in opposition to a continuation of the orders and held a hearing with public and in camera testimony in Ottawa, Ontario, on October 11 and 12, 2016.
  2. Cello Products Inc. (Cello) submitted evidence and arguments in support of a continuation of the orders. Cello also responded to requests for information and was represented by counsel. Cello called two witnesses at the hearing: Mr. Hans Ratz, Vice-President of Product Development, and Mr. Peter Howell, Vice-President of Sales and Marketing.
  3. Mueller Industries, Inc. (Mueller) made written submissions in opposition to the continuation of the orders and appeared before the Tribunal through counsel but did not present any witnesses. However, during oral argument at the hearing of this matter, Mueller informed the Tribunal that it was no longer taking a position on the issue of likelihood of injury if the orders were rescinded. As such, Mueller withdrew its arguments and evidence in opposition to the continuation of the orders.[4]
  4. The Tribunal received two product exclusion requests from Mueller. Cello consented to the first exclusion request in its entirety and consented in part to the second one. At the hearing, Mueller withdrew its arguments and evidence regarding the part of the second product exclusion to which Cello had not consented.
  5. While the Tribunal will consider all relevant evidence when conducting its analysis, as a result of Mueller’s move to withdraw its submissions on the likelihood of injury and on part of the second exclusion request, the Tribunal will give said materials little, if any weight, in its consideration of the questions before it.

PRODUCT

Product Definition

  1. The subject goods are defined as follows:

solder joint pressure pipe fittings and solder joint drainage, waste and vent (DWV) pipe fittings, made of cast copper alloy, wrought copper alloy or wrought copper, for use in heating, plumbing, air-conditioning and refrigeration (ACR) applications, originating in or exported from the United States, Korea and China, restricted to the products enumerated in the appendix.[5]

Product Information

  1. Copper pipe fittings connect copper tube and other copper pipe fittings to one another. The connections are made by fitting two pieces together and heating the ends of the tubing and fitting, and filling the gap between the two with melted solder that solidifies on cooling to form a strong, leak-proof connection. The copper pipe fittings can also be used to connect copper tubing to other metal systems by use of threaded fittings. However, at least one end of a copper pipe fitting is always joined by soldering, silver brazing and epoxy, or other gluing techniques.
  2. Copper pipe fittings manufactured in Canada and the United States are made to the standards of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers/American National Standards Institute, ASTM International and the Manufacturers Standardization Society.

Production Process

  1. Copper pipe fittings may be either wrought or cast.[6] Wrought and cast fittings may be in the form of either pressure copper pipe fittings or DWV copper pipe fittings.
  2. Wrought copper pipe fittings are produced from extruded copper tube or hollow shapes that are cut to size. Special machines are then used to compress, expand, bend, hit down or spin the tubing to the desired shape. The most prevalent types of wrought fittings are tees, couplings, elbows and adaptors. Each type of fitting requires a different type of end, which is machined as required for the particular fitting.
  3. Cast copper pipe fittings are produced using the green-sand casting process. Molten brass, made from copper alloy ingots and recycled brass scrap, is poured into a mould, and the metal is allowed to cool and solidify, forming the raw casting. The casting is then removed from the mould by vibration, cleaned and conditioned in preparation for machining.
  4. Cast copper pipe fittings are machined on special-purpose reaming machines, turret lathes or computer numerical control lathes. All cast copper pipe fittings have at least one end reamed to allow a copper tube to be joined by soldering, silver brazing and epoxy, or other gluing techniques. The other end, or ends in the case of a tee, is either reamed, tapped (internally threaded) or has a male thread cut onto it. Some common equipment is used in the machining and reaming of wrought and cast copper pipe fittings.

Product Applications

  1. Pressure copper pipe fittings are used to convey liquids (e.g. potable water), gases and air under pressure in residential, industrial, commercial and institutional applications. Pressure copper pipe fittings are also used in ACR applications. DWV copper pipe fittings (or copper drainage pipe fittings) are used in systems that convey waste fluids and provide venting to waste systems. These drainage systems are not pressurized. Copper drainage pipe fittings are used in multi-residential, industrial, commercial and institutional applications.
  2. Demand for copper pipe fittings is largely driven by activity in the non-residential construction sector.[7]

PRICING

  1. Copper pipe fittings are commodity products sold via price lists, to which discounts or discount multipliers, as well as additional rebates, are applied.[8] Price is the determinative factor when customers make purchasing decisions.[9]

DOMESTIC PRODUCER

  1. Cello was the only company which produced like goods during the POR. In 2013, Cello ceased producing cast fittings in Canada.[10]
  2. While Bow Plumbing Group (Bow) produced like goods during the previous expiry review, it ceased operations in 2013.[11]

LEGAL FRAMEWORK

  1. The Tribunal is required, pursuant to subsection 76.03(10) of SIMA, to determine whether the expiry of the orders in respect of the subject goods is likely to result in injury or retardation to the domestic industry.[12]
  2. The Tribunal is also required, pursuant to subsection 76.03(12) of SIMA, to make orders either rescinding the orders made in Expiry Review No. RR-2011-001, if it determines that expiry of the orders is unlikely to result in injury, or continuing the orders, with or without amendment, if it determines that the expiry of the orders is likely to result in injury.
  3. There are a number of framework or threshold issues that must be decided before the Tribunal makes the above determinations.[13]

LIKE GOODS AND CLASSES OF GOODS

  1. In order to determine whether the resumed or continued dumping and subsidizing of the subject goods are likely to cause material injury to the domestic producers of like goods, the Tribunal must determine which domestically produced goods, if any, constitute like goods in relation to the subject goods. The Tribunal must also assess whether there is, within the subject goods and the like goods, more than one class of goods.[14]
  2. Subsection 2(1) of SIMA defines “like goods”, in relation to any other goods, as follows:

(a) goods that are identical in all respects to the other goods, or

(b) in the absence of any goods described in paragraph (a), goods the uses and other characteristics of which closely resemble those of the other goods.

  1. In deciding the issue of like goods when goods are not identical in all respects to the other goods, the Tribunal typically considers a number of factors, including the physical characteristics of the goods (such as composition and appearance) and their market characteristics (such as substitutability, pricing, distribution channels, end uses and whether the goods fulfill the same customer needs).[15]
  2. In both Inquiry No. NQ-2006-002 and Expiry Review No. RR-2011-001, the Tribunal found that copper pipe fittings comprised a single class of goods and that domestically produced copper pipe fittings were “like goods” in relation to the subject goods. There is no evidence on the record of this review that would warrant a different conclusion.
  3. Accordingly, in this case, the Tribunal is satisfied that there is a single class of goods and that Cello’s copper pipe fittings are “like goods” in relation to the subject goods.

DOMESTIC INDUSTRY

  1. Subsection 2(1) of SIMA defines “domestic industry” as follows:

. . . the domestic producers as a whole of the like goods or those domestic producers whose collective production of the like goods constitutes a major proportion of the total domestic production of the like goods except that, where a domestic producer is related to an exporter or importer of dumped or subsidized goods, or is an importer of such goods, “domestic industry” may be interpreted as meaning the rest of those domestic producers.

  1. The Tribunal must therefore determine whether there is a likelihood of injury to the domestic producers as a whole or those domestic producers whose production represents a major proportion of the total production of like goods.[16]
  2. As stated above, Cello was the only company which produced like goods during the POR. As such, Cello represents the entirety of the domestic industry.

CUMULATION AND CROSS-CUMULATION

  1. Subsection 76.03(11) of SIMA directs the Tribunal to make an assessment of the cumulative effect of the dumping or subsidizing of the subject goods from more than one country if it is satisfied that an assessment of the cumulative effect is appropriate taking into account the conditions of competition between the subject goods of each country or between them and the like goods. In the context of an expiry review, this analysis must be forward-looking.
  2. As has been noted many times by the Tribunal, SIMA is silent in regard to cross-cumulation. In the past, the Tribunal has interpreted SIMA as allowing goods from various countries to be cross-cumulated, that is, as enabling the Tribunal to consider the combined effect of goods that are dumped and goods that are subsidized, where the Tribunal is satisfied that such an assessment is appropriate based on conditions of competition.[17]
  3. However, the Tribunal is also mindful of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Appellate Body report in United States - Countervailing Measures on Certain Hot-rolled Carbon Steel Flat Products From India,[18] in which it found that cumulatively assessing the effects of subsidized imports with the effects of imports that were not subject to a subsidizing investigation (i.e. imports that were only subject to a dumping investigation) constituted a violation of the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.[19]
  4. Given the facts in this case, where goods from one country (China) are both dumped and subsidized, and goods from two other countries (Korea and the United States) are dumped only, the Tribunal must consider how to reconcile the conclusions in Indian Flat Products with subsection 76.03(11) of SIMA, which requires a cumulative assessment of all dumped goods, provided the conditions of this subsection are met.
  5. Indian Flat Products does not provide practical guidance as to how investigating authorities should separate the effects of dumped imports from the effects of subsidized imports. Accordingly, in several recent cases,[20] the Tribunal has first conducted a cross-cumulated analysis and, secondly, where it has made a positive injury decision, considered separately the effects of the dumped imports and the subsidized imports to assess whether its positive injury decision would remain the same.

Cumulation

  1. The Tribunal will begin its assessment by determining whether it is appropriate to cumulate the dumped goods from China, Korea and the United States.[21]
  2. There is no evidence to suggest that the Tribunal should depart from its decisions in both the inquiry and previous expiry review to cumulate the subject goods from all the subject countries. The Tribunal finds that the subject goods from all three subject countries are likely to be present in the domestic market if the orders are rescinded, that they are interchangeable both with one another and with the like goods[22] and that they compete with one another for the same ultimate customer.[23]
  3. Even if the Tribunal accepts that the subject goods from the subject countries may have been distributed through somewhat different channels over the POR and through various modes of transportation, there is no indication that the subject goods from any of the subject countries were or would be restricted to a particular market segment or geographic region. Moreover, while Mueller initially argued that the subject goods from the United States arrive via train, while those of Korea and China are shipped via ocean freight,[24] the evidence shows that producers and importers of the subject goods from both Korea and China have distribution centres in the United States which allow them to ship to Canada via train.[25] In any case, the evidence shows that all the subject goods are available in the domestic market and compete directly with both one another and the like goods.
  4. As a result of the foregoing, the Tribunal finds that the conditions of competition warrant a cumulative analysis of the dumped goods from all three subject countries.

Cross-cumulation

  1. Having found it appropriate to cumulate the effects of the dumped goods from all three subject countries, the Tribunal will proceed first with its likelihood of injury analysis by considering the effects of dumped goods from the United States and Korea together with the effects of the dumped and subsidized goods from China. In this analysis, the Tribunal will cross-cumulate the effects of the subsidized goods from China with those of the dumped goods from the three subject countries.
  2. However, if its cross-cumulated likelihood of injury analysis is positive, the Tribunal will also separately assess the effects of the dumped goods from the three subject countries and the effects of the subsidized goods from China.

LIKELIHOOD OF INJURY ANALYSIS

  1. An expiry review is forward-looking.[26] It follows that evidence from the POR during which an order or a finding was being enforced is relevant insofar as it bears upon the prospective analysis of whether the expiry of the order or finding is likely to result in injury.[27]
  2. There is no presumption of injury in an expiry review; findings must be based on positive evidence, in compliance with domestic law and consistent with the requirements of the WTO.[28] In the context of an expiry review, positive evidence can include evidence based on past facts that tend to support forward‑looking conclusions.[29]
  3. In making its assessment of likelihood of injury, the Tribunal has consistently taken the view that the focus should be on circumstances that can reasonably be expected to exist in the near to medium term. Cello submitted that, as in the previous expiry review, the Tribunal’s analysis should focus in this case on the next 12 to 18 months, due to difficulties in reliably forecasting demand, supply, costs and pricing as a result of, for example, the lack of industry publications relating to copper pipe fittings.[30] The Tribunal agrees and will focus its analysis on the circumstances that could reasonably be expected to exist in the next 12 to 18 months.
  4. Subsection 37.2(2) of the Special Import Measures Regulations[31] lists factors that the Tribunal may consider in addressing the likelihood of injury. The relevant factors are discussed below.

Changes in Market Conditions

  1. In order to assess the likely volumes and prices of the subject goods and their impact on the domestic industry if the orders were rescinded, the Tribunal will first consider relevant changes in international and domestic market conditions.[32]

International Market Conditions

  1. As stated above, demand for copper pipe fittings is primarily driven by construction activity (particularly in the non-residential sector), which in turn is impacted by the state of the global economy.[33]
  2. The global economy registered subdued growth over the POR, with world GDP increasing by just over 3 percent in each full year of the POR. Forecasts for the near to medium term are also modest, as world GDP is projected to grow from 3.2 to 3.5 percent in 2016 and 2017 respectively.[34] However, there is ongoing uncertainty about the future strength of the global economy.[35]
  3. In dollar terms, the global construction industry increased by an average of 2.7 percent per year between 2011 and 2013, and a further 3.1 percent in 2014. It is projected to grow at an annual average of 3.9 percent beginning in 2016, outperforming global GDP growth.[36]
  4. China’s GDP growth decelerated continuously over the POR, reaching a low of 6.9 percent in 2015, with continued declines in growth projected for 2016 through 2021.[37] The construction market in China, which remains the world’s largest, increased by 8.7 percent in 2014 and only 2 percent in 2015. Both residential and non-residential construction is expected to grow at historically low rates in the near to medium term.[38]
  5. Korea’s GDP growth reached a high of 3.3 percent in 2014 but slowed to 2.6 percent in 2015, below the 2013 rate of 2.9 percent. GDP growth is projected to increase slightly in 2016 and 2017.[39] Korea’s GDP growth in 2015 was attributed in part to high construction investment, but the construction outlook through 2018 is for a downturn. The total value of new non-residential construction orders is expected to decline by over 30 percent from the 2015 peak period, albeit remaining at relatively high levels.[40]
  6. In the United States, GDP expanded by 1.5 percent in 2013, and 2.4 percent in both 2014 and 2015, and growth is projected to remain at about that same rate in 2016 and 2017.[41] The U.S. construction sector, including non-residential construction, performed well over the POR, increasing by more than 23 percent over the POR.[42] However, there is evidence that non-residential construction spending may taper off following the third quarter of 2016.[43]
  7. Finally the world price of copper declined significantly over the POR, as the London Metal Exchange price of copper declined from a high of about US$8,000/tonne in April 2013 to a low of about US$4,400/tonne in September 2016.[44] Going forward, the outlook is uncertain; one article from May 2016 quoting industry sources suggested that the prices may increase towards the end of 2017, while a more recent report suggests that prices may drop further over the next year.[45]

Domestic Market Conditions

  1. The Canadian economy grew at a rate of 1.2 to 2.5 percent annually from 2013 to 2016. GDP growth from 2016 onwards is expected to reach a maximum of 2 percent.[46]
  2. The value of non-residential building permits increased from 2011 to 2014 but started to decline in 2015.[47] Indeed, the construction sector declined in 2015 compared to the previous year, as did the number of building permits.[48] In a July 2016 report, BMO Capital Markets Economic Research forecast that business investment in non-residential construction would shrink by 10.6 percent in 2016, in addition to declines registered in the two previous years, and would return to modest growth of 1.3 percent in 2017.[49]
  3. The market for copper pipe fittings in Canada is relatively small and mature. Data collected by the Tribunal show however that the market grew overall from 2013 to 2015, and again in the January 1 to March 31, 2016 interim period (interim 2016) when compared to the January 1 to March 31, 2015 interim period (interim 2015).[50] Mr. Howell testified that he expects the domestic market to remain “flat” over the next 12 to 18 months.[51]
  4. The POR saw some notable changes in the structure and composition of the Canadian market for copper pipe fittings. First, as previously noted, the domestic industry changed, with Bow’s decision to cease production of copper pipe fittings in Canada in 2013 and Cello’s decision to shut down its foundry and cease production of cast fittings in that same year.[52]
  5. Second, there have been significant changes with respect to imports over the POR. Non-subject countries became the dominant source of imports. The volume of imports from non-subject countries increased by 66 percent from 2013 to 2015 and increased again by 10 percent in interim 2016 compared to interim 2015.[53] Meanwhile, the volume of imports from the subject countries declined by 32 percent from 2013 to 2015.[54]
  6. Finally, there was a shift in the supply chain for copper pipe fitting; this trend was already noted in the last expiry review but intensified over the POR.[55] Wholesaler-distributors are increasingly importing copper pipe fittings directly from foreign countries instead of sourcing from the domestic industry or other importers of record.[56]

Likely Performance of the Domestic Industry if the Orders are Continued

  1. The Tribunal will first examine the likely performance of the domestic industry if the orders are continued, taking into account the domestic industry’s recent performance.[57] In doing so, the Tribunal will consider whether there are any relevant factors other than the dumping and subsidizing of the subject goods likely to affect the domestic industry’s performance in the next 12 to 18 months.[58]
  2. Cello’s performance worsened from 2013 to 2015 according to most key indicators, including production, domestic sales, market share and financial performance.[59] Although Cello had an increase in domestic sales in January to March of 2016,[60] this was the result of a single large sale to one customer.[61] Therefore, the Tribunal does not see any evidence that this single sale is indicative of a significant improvement in Cello’s performance in the next 12 to 18 months. In fact, as noted above, it was Cello’s testimony that the Canadian market and its sales will be flat for the next 12 to 24 months.[62]
  3. The evidence indicates that low-priced imports from the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnam) and other non-subject countries have gained substantial market share and forced Cello to keep its prices low.[63] In addition, wholesaler-distributors that previously were Cello’s customers have shifted to importing low-priced product directly from both subject and non-subject countries rather than purchasing from Cello.[64] Witnesses for Cello were of the view that Bow’s inability to compete with low-priced imports from Vietnam and other non-subject countries had contributed to its decision to cease production entirely.[65]
  4. Since these low-priced imports from Vietnam and other non-subject countries would not be impacted if the orders were continued, the Tribunal expects that they will continue to negatively impact Cello’s prices and sales over the next 12 to 18 months.
  5. In addition, Cello’s overall performance is likely to be affected by its future performance on its export sales. Over the POR, the prices, sales volumes and profits achieved by Cello in its exports to the United States were more positive than those achieved from sales in Canada.[66] Witnesses for Cello explained that Cello was able to achieve better results with its exports to the United States because it generally sells higher-priced, larger-diameter fittings in the U.S. market.[67] However, they indicated that pricing trends in the United States appear to be changing, as low-priced products from certain countries are entering the U.S market in greater numbers.[68]
  6. Having considered the foregoing, the Tribunal finds that, if the orders are continued Cello will continue to be challenged by a mature Canadian market in which low-priced imports from non-subject countries will retain a significant portion of market share and sales. Therefore, even with the orders in place, Cello’s performance over the next 12 to 18 months is unlikely to improve and could even deteriorate further.

Likely Import Volume of Dumped and Subsidized Goods if the Orders are Rescinded

  1. Paragraph 37.2(2)(a) of the Regulations directs the Tribunal to consider the likely volume of the dumped or subsidized goods if the order or finding is allowed to expire and, in particular, whether there is likely to be a significant increase in the volume of imports of the dumped or subsidized goods, either in absolute terms or relative to the production or consumption of like goods. The Tribunal’s assessment of the likely volumes of dumped and subsidized imports encompasses the likely performance of the foreign industry, the potential for the foreign producers to produce goods in facilities that are currently used to produce other goods, evidence of the imposition of anti-dumping and/or countervailing measures in other jurisdictions, and whether measures adopted by other jurisdictions are likely to cause a diversion of the subject goods to Canada.[69] The most relevant factors in this case are as follows.
  2. As noted above, projected GDP in the near to medium term for the subject countries is for slow growth in the case of the United States and Korea and a continued slowdown compared to previous years in the case of China. Forecasts for global growth are also modest.[70]
  3. Looking more specifically at forecasts for construction in the subject countries, the outlook is also muted. In Korea, analysts expect that the strong growth seen in the non-residential construction sector in 2015 is not sustainable, and they expect a 30 percent decrease over the remainder of 2016 and in 2017.[71] The forecast for the United States is somewhat more optimistic, with total construction forecasted to grow by 8 percent in 2016.[72] However, additional forecasts show that, while non-residential construction starts peaked in the third quarter of 2016, they are set to slow in the near future.[73] Meanwhile, the Chinese construction industry is facing historically slow growth in the near to medium term.[74]
  4. Given this context, the Tribunal finds that demand conditions for copper pipe fittings in the subject countries will not be strong over the next 12-18 months; they are unlikely to significantly surpass those seen over the POR.
  5. On the supply side, the evidence indicates that producers in all three subject countries will likely continue to have significant production capacity, as well as excess capacity for copper pipe fittings.
  6. The three U.S. producers for whom data are available had significant unused capacity throughout the POR—even in a context of relatively strong construction activity in the United States in that same time period.[75] The size of this unused capacity is all the more significant when compared to the small size of the overall Canadian market for copper pipe fittings.[76]
  7. There is little evidence on the record with regard to current production capacity and capacity utilization in China and Korea, as no producers from these countries responded to the Tribunal’s or the CBSA’s questionnaires in this expiry review. However, during the period of review for the previous expiry review, JungWoo Metal Inc. Co. Ltd. (JungWoo), historically a significant Korean exporter of copper pipe fittings to Canada, had substantial unused capacity.[77] Furthermore, in the original investigation in 2006, the CBSA identified 15 exporters of copper pipe fittings in Korea and 90 exporters in China.[78] Mr. Howell testified to his view that “[a] small fraction of the foreign producers’ unused capacity is enough to wipe Cello off the map.”[79]
  8. More recent publicly available information also suggests the continued presence of a high number of manufacturers and suppliers of copper pipe fittings in China.[80] Furthermore, a JungWoo promotional video publicly available online advertises an annual production capacity of over 300 million pieces.[81] As noted by Cello, even if JungWoo was operating at 70 percent capacity utilization, the remaining unused capacity would be sufficient to supply a market twice the size of the domestic market.[82]
  9. Thus, the Tribunal finds that there is likely also substantial unused capacity in Korea and China, especially in relation to the comparatively small Canadian market.
  10. During the POR, significant volumes of copper pipe fittings from all three subject countries were exported to Canada[83]—a clear indication that exporters in the subject countries have an abiding interest in the Canadian market, as well as ongoing and well-established relationships with importers in Canada.[84] The decline in the volume of imports of the subject goods noted above[85] must be seen in conjunction with the significant increase in the volumes of imports from non-subject countries and the evidence indicating that imports from non-subject countries were the price leaders over the POR (as further discussed in the next section).[86] In the Tribunal’s view, the decline in the volume of the imports from the subject countries was likely due to their difficulty in competing with the imports from non-subject countries while the anti‑dumping and countervailing measures were in place, rather than their lack of interest in the Canadian market. In this regard, Mr. Howell and Mr. Ratz testified that the role of the subject goods in the market declined over the POR, since they were unable to compete with the goods from non-subject countries while the duties remained in place.[87]
  11. In addition, there is evidence that imports of Chinese and Korean copper pipe fittings are increasingly available in the United States, which is indicative of the interest of producers in these countries in the North American market and their ability to serve it. This also suggests that U.S. producers may face increasing competition from offshore imports in their own home market, which may push them to increasingly turn to export markets such as Canada.[88]
  12. On this basis, the Tribunal finds that, should the orders be rescinded, the Canadian market is likely to be an attractive destination for increased volumes of the subject goods and that exporters in the subject countries will likely be interested in regaining their lost share of the Canadian market. Furthermore, in light of their ongoing and well-established relationships in Canada, exporters of the subject goods are likely to be willing and able to export to Canada without delay in significantly increased volumes.
  13. Therefore, the Tribunal finds that, if the orders are rescinded, there will likely be a significant increase in the volume of imports of the subject goods in absolute terms, as well as relative to domestic production and domestic consumption.

Likely Price Effects of Dumped and Subsidized Goods if the Orders are Rescinded

  1. The Tribunal must consider whether, if the orders are rescinded, the dumping or subsidizing of the subject goods is likely to significantly undercut the prices of the like goods, depress those prices or suppress them by preventing increases in those prices that would likely have otherwise occurred.[89] In this regard, the Tribunal distinguishes the price effects of the dumped or subsidized goods from any price effects that would likely result from other relevant factors that may affect prices in the circumstances.
  2. As mentioned above, the Tribunal encountered some challenges in obtaining and analyzing reliable market data for this industry. These challenges included the diverse product mix and the significant range in the price of included products. In addition, most respondents do not track their sales by origin and could not reliably estimate sales by country of import. The Investigation Report data for sales in the domestic market by country of origin/import were therefore unreliable and were not used in the Tribunal’s analysis.
  3. Rather, the Tribunal compared the net delivered purchase price of imports[90] to Cello’s net delivered selling price.[91] This allowed the Tribunal to look at the price that a purchaser would pay for copper pipe fittings.
  4. First, the Tribunal assessed average prices. This comparison showed that the average net delivered purchase prices of the imports from the subject countries, expressed in dollars per piece, were generally higher than Cello’s domestic net delivered selling prices. However, the average net delivered purchase prices of the imports from non-subject countries significantly and consistently undercut the average net delivered selling prices of the domestic industry in all periods over the POR.[92]
  5. Next, the Tribunal focused its analysis on wholesaler-distributors. Sales to wholesaler-distributors account for the vast majority of overall sales of copper pipe fittings in the domestic market, for both Cello and importers.[93] In addition, as noted earlier, several major wholesalers-distributors increasingly became direct importers over the POR;[94] therefore, the domestic industry, as well as importers selling imports, must increasingly compete with these direct imports by wholesaler-distributors.
  6. At this trade level, while the net delivered purchase prices of the subject goods were generally higher, the net delivered purchase prices of the goods from non-subject countries undercut Cello’s directly competing net selling prices in multiple instances.[95] Given the high volume of both domestic sales and sales from imports that are destined to wholesaler-distributors in the Canadian market, the availability of such low-priced goods to wholesaler-distributors willing to import directly is telling of the downward pricing pressure at play in the Canadian market.
  7. Finally, the Tribunal also examined the CBSA’s enforcement data, which were expressed on a per kilogram basis. These data show that, during the POR, the average unit value for duty of copper pipe fittings from the subject countries were consistently higher than the average unit value for duty of copper pipe fittings from non-subject countries.[96]
  8. The above analyses show that, over the POR, imports from non-subject countries were the price leaders in the Canadian market and significantly undercut the prices of the domestic industry. These results are consistent with the testimony of Mr. Howell and Mr. Ratz.[97] Although the POR data do not show widespread price undercutting by the subject goods, in the Tribunal’s view, this is not an unexpected result when anti-dumping and countervailing measures are in place and is not indicative of what prices of the subject goods would be in the absence of measures. In particular, the fact that the majority of the subject goods were exported over the POR at normal values is not indicative of how exporters would position themselves in the absence of the orders.
  9. Indeed, on the basis of the evidence, the Tribunal expects that, in order to regain lost market share, copper pipe fittings from the subject countries would need to compete with the low prices of the imports from non-subject countries. Copper pipe fittings are essentially commodity products, with little or no product differentiation based on origin, making price the determinative criterion in purchasing decisions. Mr. Howell testified that a 2 to 3 percent difference routinely results in a lost sale.[98] As Mr. Ratz put it, “[t]ime and again, the only thing that buys market share is price.”[99]
  10. In view of the foregoing, the Tribunal finds that the likely outcome of the rescission of the orders is that the domestic industry would face significant price undercutting, as the subject goods attempt to regain market share lost to the imports from non-subject countries. This price competition is likely to be further exacerbated by the ability of several important buyers of copper pipe fittings at the wholesaler-distributor level to import the subject goods or goods from non-subject countries directly. In these circumstances, the domestic industry would either be forced to significantly lower the price of the like goods, thus leading to price depression, or risk losing further sales and market share.

Likely Impact on the Domestic Industry

  1. The Tribunal will now assess the likely impact of the above volumes and prices on the domestic industry if the orders are rescinded,[100] taking into consideration the likely performance of the domestic industry if the orders are continued. In this analysis, the Tribunal distinguishes the likely impact of the dumped or subsidized goods from the likely impact of any other factors affecting or likely to affect the domestic industry.[101]
  2. Given the Tribunal’s analysis of the likely volumes and likely prices of the subject goods, the Tribunal finds that, if the orders are rescinded, the volume of the subject goods will increase significantly, and prices would have to match the low prices of the imports from non-subject countries sold in the domestic market. As the like goods increasingly lost sales and market share to low-priced imports from non‑subject countries over the POR,[102] the Tribunal finds that the volumes and prices of the subject goods would force Cello to either significantly lower its prices or forgo future sales if the orders are rescinded. Either strategy would have negative consequences on Cello’s performance, including its production, sales, financial outcomes, employment and capacity utilization.[103]
  3. The evidence indicates that the market for copper pipe fittings is very price sensitive and that Cello must match any decline in its competitors’ prices to maintain business.[104] Cello argued that, even if its sales volumes remained unchanged, which is unlikely given that the low-priced subject goods are liable to capture significant market share, a 5 percent decrease in selling prices would cause a substantial drop in net sales revenue and would result in a much greater net income loss.[105]
  4. Cello contended that, and the Tribunal agrees, if the orders are rescinded, the impact of the subject goods could be so severe that Cello would no longer be able to continue to manufacture like goods in Canada.[106] In support of this, Cello noted that, despite having arguably the largest collection of cast patterns and tooling in the world, the price of imported cast fittings or wrought equivalents has made it financially impossible to keep its foundry for the production of cast fittings operational.[107] As such, the Tribunal finds that the rescission of the orders will likely cause material injury to the domestic industry.

DETERMINATION

  1. On the basis of the foregoing analysis, the Tribunal finds that, if the orders are rescinded, the likely resumption or continuation of the dumping and subsidizing of the subject goods, in and of themselves, will likely result in material injury to the domestic industry.

SEPARATE ANALYSIS WITH RESPECT TO DUMPED GOODS AND SUBSIDIZED GOODS

  1. Having found that the subject goods, when assessed on a fully cumulated and cross-cumulated basis, are likely to cause injury to the domestic industry if the orders are rescinded, the Tribunal will now separately assess the effects of the dumped goods from the United States, Korea and China and the effects of the subsidized goods from China to determine if its decision would be the same as above.
  2. At the time of the original inquiry, the CBSA determined that virtually the same percentage of Chinese goods were dumped and subsidized (93 percent and 91 percent respectively).[108] Thus, if the orders applicable to the subject goods from China were rescinded, there would be virtually no difference in the volume of dumped goods from China and the volume of subsidized goods from China, as they are effectively the same group of subject goods.
  3. Only one Chinese exporter obtained normal values in the latest re-investigation, all others are currently subject to anti-dumping duties determined my ministerial specification of 242 percent of the export price. This same exporter was found to have no amount of subsidy. All others were determined by ministerial specification at an amount of 17.73 renminbis per kilogram.[109]
  4. Only 19 percent of imports of the subject goods from China attracted anti-dumping and countervailing duties during the POR; the remainder was imported at normal values.[110] However, in the Tribunal’s view, the behaviour of exporters during the POR when measures were in place is not necessarily indicative of future behaviour in the absence of such measures.
  5. In view of these results, the Tribunal expects that the price of copper pipe fittings from China, to which no anti-dumping duties are applied, will likely decrease in order to compete with the low-priced goods from non-subject countries, such as Vietnam, and will be significantly lower than the current price of the subject goods from China. The result would be significant undercutting of Cello’s prices, which would lead to price depression and/or loss of sales and the attendant negative impact on Cello’s performance described above. A similar analysis holds true for copper pipe fittings from China to which no countervailing duties are applied.
  6. Accordingly, in the circumstances of this case, the Tribunal concludes that its determination is the same whether it assesses the dumped and subsidized goods on a cross-cumulated basis or separately.

EXCLUSIONS

  1. The Tribunal will now turn to the two requests to exclude certain products from the orders.
  2. SIMA implicitly authorizes the Tribunal to grant exclusions from an order or a finding.[111] Exclusions are extraordinary remedies that may be granted in exceptional circumstances at the Tribunal’s discretion if such exclusions are not likely to cause injury to the domestic industry.[112] In the context of an expiry review, the rationale is that, despite the general conclusion that all goods covered by a finding or an order are likely to cause injury to the domestic industry, there may be case-specific evidence that imports of particular products captured by the order or finding are not likely to cause injury.
  3. In determining whether an exclusion is likely to cause injury to the domestic industry, the Tribunal typically considers such factors as whether the domestic industry produces, actively supplies or is capable of producing identical or substitutable products that would potentially be in direct competition with the subject goods for which the exclusion is requested.[113]
  4. As noted above, at the hearing, Mueller withdrew part of its second exclusion request. Therefore, the Tribunal’s analysis will focus only on the first exclusion request and the remaining portion of the second request.
  5. The Tribunal grants Mueller’s first exclusion request.[114] The evidence indicates that Cello did not produce products of the same description or substitutable products during the POR, nor does it have concrete plans to produce this product in the near to medium term. Further, Cello consented to the exclusion request. Since the evidence indicates that granting this exclusion will not cause injury to the domestic industry, the Tribunal excludes from its orders copper-iron high-pressure alloy fittings manufactured with UNS C19400 grade copper alloy and with safe working pressure up to 1,740 psi.
  6. Mueller’s second exclusion request, as amended by Mueller at the hearing, relates to copper pipe fittings included in the product definition of the subject goods that Cello does not produce due to the fact that they can only be made as cast fittings (rather than wrought fittings). Specifically, the parties filed an agreed list of copper pipe fittings corresponding to this description, as follows:[115]

1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE WASTE FTG

3 X 3 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

3 CD P TRAPS-N/CO-ELBOW

1-1/2 CD P TRAP L/CO GROUND SWIVEL

6 CXM CP ADAPTER

1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE WASTE FTG

3 X 3 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

1 1/4 CD S TRAP N/CO

1-1/2 CD P TRAP W/CO GROUND SWIVEL

1/4 C X FE CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 1-1/4 1-1/4 1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE WASTE FTG

3 X 3 X 2 X 2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

1 1/2 CD S TRAP N/CO

4 SOIL(5A)X 2 C CD ROOF ADAPTER

1/2 X 3/8 CXFE CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 1-1/4 1-1/2 1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE WASTE FTG

4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

1-1/4 CD S TRAP - W/CO

5ACT 4SX 3C CD ROOF ADAPT CALGARY

1-1/4 X 1/2 CXC CP 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 1-1/2 1-1/4 1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE WASTE FTG

4 X 4 X 2 X 2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

1-1/2 CD S TRAP - W/CO

5S X 3C CD ROOF ADAPT REGINA

2 X 3/4 CXC CP 90 ELBOW

2 1-1/2-1-1/4-1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE WASTE FTG

4 X 4X 3 X 3 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

2 CD S TRAP W/CO

1-1/2 SJXODX3/4M/1/2FE CD CONDENSATE TEE

2 X 1 CXC CP 90 ELBOW

2 1-1/2 1-1/2 1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE WASTE FTG

1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE LONG TURN TY

1-1/2 C X C CD P-TRAP BODY - W/CO

1/2 CXCXC CP DROP EAR TEE

2 X 1-1/4 CXC CP 90 ELBOW

4 CD CAULKING FLOOR FLANGE

1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE LONG TURN TY

2 C X C CD P-TRAP BODY - W/CO

1/2 CXCXFE CP DROP EAR TEE

1/2 CXFE CP 90 DROP EAR ELBOW

3 X 4 CD ECCENTRIC CLOSET FLANGE

1-1/2 1-1/2 1-1/4 1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DLT TY

1-1/4 CD P TRAP - W/CO

3/4 CXCXFE CP DROP EAR TEE

1/2C X 3/8FE CP 90 DROP EAR ELBOW

3 X 4 FITTING CD CLOSET FLANGE

2 CXCXC LONG TURN CD TY

1-1/4 CD P TRAP-W/CO-ELBOW

3/4C X 3/4C X 1/2FE CP DROP EAR TEE

1/2 X 3/4 CXFE CP 90 DROP EAR ELBOW

3 X 4 CD M J CLOSET FLANGE

2 X 2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DLT TY

1-1/2 CD P TRAP W/CO

1/2FE X 3/4M X 1/2C CP TEE

3/4 CXFE CP 90 DROP EAR ELBOW

1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD 45 DOUBLE Y

2 X 2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD DLT TY

1-1/2 CD P TRAP-W/CO-ELBOW

5 CP TUBE END CAP

3/4C X 1/2FE CP 90 DROP EAR ELBOW

1-1/2 CXCXC CD 45 Y

1-1/2 CXCXC LONG TURN CD TY

2 CD P TRAP - W/CO

6 CP TUBE END CAP

1 CXFE CP 90 DROP EAR ELBOW

1-1/2 1-1/2 1-1/4 1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE Y

2 CXCXC LONG TURN CD TY

2 CD P TRAP-W/CO-ELBOW

1/2 CXC CP JET DRAIN COUPLING

1/2 CXFE CP DROP EAR IMPORT 90 ELBOW

2 CXCXCXC CD 45 DOUBLE Y

3X3X3X1-1/2 CXCXCXC SIDEOUT RH CD TY

3 CD P TRAP - W/CO

3/4 CXC CP JET DRAIN COUPLING

1/2 CXFE CP HIGH EAR 90 ELBOW

2 X 2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE Y

3X3X3X1-1/2 CXCXCXC SIDEOUT LH CD TY

3 CD P TRAP-W/CO-ELBOW

1 CXC CP JET DRAIN COUPLING

3/4 CXFE CP HIGH EAR 90 ELBOW

2 X 2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE Y

1-1/4 CXC CD P-TRAP BODY N/CO

4 CXC 60 CD ELBOW

3/4 CXM CP UNION ELBOW

1/2 CXFE CP FLANGE SINK 90 ELBOW

3 CXCXCXC CD 45 DOUBLE Y

1-1/2 C X C CD P-TRAP BODY N/CO

1-1/2 CXSJ CD 90 ELBOW

1/2 CXFE CP DROP EAR ADAPTER

1/2 CXC CP DROP EAR 90 ELBOW

3 X 3 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE Y

2 C X C CD P-TRAP BODY N/CO

1-1/4 CXCXCO CD LINE CLEANOUT

3/4 CXFE CP DROP EAR ADAPTER

3/4 CXC CP 90 DROP EAR ELBOW

1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

3 C X C CD P-TRAP BODY N/CO

1-1/2 CXCXCO CD LINE CLEANOUT

1/2 CXFE CP HIGH EAR ADAPTER

1 CXC CP 90 DROP EAR ELBOW

1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

1-1/4 CD P TRAP - N/CO

2 CXCXCO CD LINE CLEANOUT

4 CXFE CP ADAPTER*

1/2 CXC CP HIGH EAR 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 1-1/2 1-1/4 1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

1-1/4 CD P TRAP-N/CO- ELBOW

3 CXCXCO CD LINE CLEANOUT

5 C X FE CP ADAPTER

3/4 CXC CP HIGH EAR 90 ELBOW

1-1/2 1-1/4 1-1/4 1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

1-1/2 P TRAP - N/CO-

4 CXCXCO CD LINE CLEANOUT

1/2 X 1 CXC CP CLOSE RETURN BEND

3/4FE X 1/8FE X 3/4C CP BASE TEE

2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

1-1/2 CD P TRAP-N/CO-ELBOW

1-1/2 CXCXCO CLEANOUT-FULL PLUG

3/4 1-3/8 CXC CP CLOSE RETURN BEND

 

2 X 2 X 1-1/4 X 1-1/4 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

2 CD P TRAP - N/CO

2 CXCXCO CD CLEANOUT - FULL PLUG

1 X 1-3/4 CXC CP CLOSE RETURN BEND

 

2 X 2 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

2 CD P TRAP-N/CO-ELBOW

3 CXCXCO CD CLEANOUT - FULL PLUG

6 C X FE CP ADAPTER

 

3 CXCXCXC CD DOUBLE TY

3 CD P TRAP - N/CO

3 X 6 X 1-1/2 X 1-1/2 CD DRUM TRAP

5 CXM CP ADAPTER

 
  1. The evidence indicates that granting an exclusion for the above products is unlikely to cause injury to the domestic industry. Cello agreed to the exclusion request thus circumscribed. The evidence confirms that these particular products can only be made by casting and that Cello does not produce a substitutable wrought alternative. As such, given that Cello has now closed its foundry and has not indicated that it plans to re-establish it in the near to medium term, Cello no longer produces the identified cast copper pipe fittings, nor is it capable of producing a substitutable wrought equivalent.[116] Therefore, the Tribunal grants the exclusion for the products identified in the preceding paragraph. The Tribunal will remove these excluded products from the list of products covered by the present orders. The list of products in the appendix to the present orders reflects those amendments.

CONCLUSION

  1. Pursuant to paragraph 76.03(12)(b) of SIMA, the Tribunal continues, with amendment to exclude certain products, its order in respect of the subject goods originating in or exported from Korea and China. The list of products covered by the present order is included in the appendix herewith.
  2. Pursuant to paragraph 76.03(12)(b) and subsection 76.04(1) of SIMA, the Tribunal continues, with amendment to exclude certain products, its order in respect of the subject goods originating in or exported from the United States. The list of products covered by the present order is included in the appendix herewith.
  3. Furthermore, the Tribunal excludes from its orders copper-iron high-pressure alloy fittings manufactured with UNS C19400 grade copper alloy and with safe working pressure up to 1,740 psi.
 

[1].      R.S.C., 1985, c. S-15 [SIMA].

[2].      “Staff” refers to staff of the Trade Remedies Investigations Branch of the Secretariat to the Canadian International Trade Tribunal of the Administrative Tribunals Support Service of Canada.

[3].      The record of these proceedings consists of all relevant documents filed or accepted for filing by the Tribunal, including the following: the Tribunal’s notice of expiry review; the protected and public replies to the expiry review questionnaires; the public and protected investigation reports prepared for this expiry review and subsequent revisions and supplements thereto; requests for information and replies thereto; witness statements and other exhibits; the exhibit list and the Tribunal’s findings, statement of reasons, and public and protected investigation reports prepared for Expiry Review No. RR-2011-001.

[4].      Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 2, 12 October 2016, at 60.

[5].      The appendix referred to in the product definition is the appendix to the orders in Expiry Review No. RR-2011-001.

[6].      “Cast copper alloy” includes brass and bronze.

[7].      Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-06 at para. 19, Vol. 11.

[8].      Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 10.

[9].      Ibid. at 15.

[10].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-03 at para. 3, Vol. 11.

[11].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-05, Vol. 1.1 at 10; Exhibit RR-2015-003-16.06 (protected), Vol. 4 at 213, 215-17.

[12].    Subsection 2(1) of SIMA defines “injury” as “. . . material injury to a domestic industry” and “retardation” as “material retardation of the establishment of a domestic industry” [emphasis added]. Given that there is currently an established domestic industry, the issue of whether the expiry of the orders is likely to result in retardation does not arise in this expiry review.

[13].    As the Tribunal recently stated, legal framework decisions are based on the evidence before it in the case under review. Although the Tribunal infrequently changes legal framework decisions in subsequent reviews, it retains the jurisdiction to do so if circumstances warrant. Steel Grating (18 April 2016), RR-2015-001 (CITT) [Steel Grating] at para. 59; Flat Hot-rolled Carbon and Alloy Steel Sheet and Strip (12 August 2016), RR-2015-002 (CITT) at para. 30.

[14].    Should the Tribunal determine that there is more than one class of goods in this expiry review, it must conduct a separate injury analysis and make a decision for each class that it identifies. Noury Chemical Corporation and Minerals & Chemicals Ltd. v. Pennwalt of Canada Ltd. and Anti-dumping Tribunal, [1982] 2 F.C. 283 (F.C.).

[15].    Copper Pipe Fittings (19 February 2007), NQ-2006-002 (CITT) at para. 48.

[16].    The term “major proportion” means an important, serious or significant proportion of total domestic production of like goods and not necessarily a majority. Japan Electrical Manufacturers Assoc. v. Canada (Anti-Dumping Tribunal), [1982] 2 FC 816; China – Anti-dumping and Countervailing Duties on Certain Automobiles from the United States (23 May 2014), WTO Doc. WT/DS440/R, Report of the Panel at para. 7.207; European Community – Definitive Anti-dumping Measures on Certain Iron or Steel Fasteners from China (15 July 2011), WTO Doc. WT/DS397/AB/R, Report of the Appellate Body at paras. 411, 419, 430; Argentina – Definitive Anti‑dumping Duties on Poultry from Brazil (22 April 2003), WTO Doc. WT/DS241/R, Report of the Panel at paras. 7.341-7.344.

[17].    Stainless Steel Wire (29 July 2009), RR-2008-004 (CITT) at para. 54.

[18].    (8 December 2014), WTO Doc. WT/DS436/AB/R [Indian Flat Products].

[20].    Steel Grating at para. 64; Refined Sugar (30 October 2015), RR-2014-006 (CITT) at paras. 46-48; Hot-rolled Carbon Steel Plate and High-strength Low-alloy Steel Plate (6 January 2016), NQ-2015-001 (CITT) at para. 92.

[21].    Although Mueller initially argued that the subject goods from the United States should be analyzed on a de‑cumulated basis, it later withdrew this argument when it withdrew its arguments and evidence in opposition to the continuation of the orders, as noted at para. 8.

[22].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-09 at para. 2, Vol. 11.

[23].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06D (protected), Table 8, Vol. 2.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-18.09, Vol. 5 at 5l; Exhibit RR‑2015-003-19.09 (protected), Vol. 6 at 8.

[24].    As noted at para. 8, this argument was later withdrawn by Mueller when it withdrew its arguments and evidence in opposition to the continuation of the orders.

[25].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-10 (protected) at paras. 3-5, Vol. 12.

[26].    Certain Dishwashers and Dryers (procedural order dated 25 April 2005), RR-2004-005 (CITT) at para. 16.

[27].    Copper Pipe Fittings (17 February 2012), RR-2011-001 (CITT) [Copper Pipe Fittings] at para. 56. In Thermoelectric Containers (9 December 2013), RR-2012-004 (CITT) [Thermoelectric Containers] at para. 14, the Tribunal stated that the analytical context pursuant to which an expiry review must be adjudged often includes the assessment of retrospective evidence supportive of prospective conclusions. See, also, Aluminum Extrusions (17 March 2014), RR-2013-003 (CITT) [Aluminum Extrusions] at para. 21.

[28].    Flat Hot-rolled Carbon and Alloy Steel Sheet and Strip (16 August 2006), RR-2005-002 (CITT) at para. 59.

[29].    Thermoelectric Containers at para. 14; Aluminum Extrusions at para. 21.

[30].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-01 at paras. 10-12, Vol. 11.

[31].    S.O.R./84-927 [Regulations].

[32].    See paragraph 37.2(2)(j) of the Regulations.

[33].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05 at para. 19, Vol. 11; Copper Pipe Fittings at paras. 85, 92.

[34].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-05D, Table 16, Vol. 1.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05 at paras. 19-21, Vol. 11; Exhibit RR‑2015-003-A-05, tab 2, Vol. 11.

[35].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-38.07, Vol. 1 at 254; Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05, tab 2, Vol. 11.

[36].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-21.05, Vol. 5.1 at 113-16.

[37].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-05D, Table 16, Vol. 1.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-38.03, Vol. 1 at 233.

[38].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05, tab 2, Vol. 11.

[39].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-05D, Table 16, Vol. 1.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-38.03, Vol. 1 at 233.

[40].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05, tab 2, Vol. 11.

[41].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-05D, Table 16, Vol. 1.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-38.03, Vol. 1 at 233.

[42].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-B-01 at para. 18, Vol. 13; Exhibit RR-2013-005-21.05, Attachments A-12, A-13, A-14, Vol. 5.1.

[43].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05, tab 2, Vol. 11.

[44].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05 at para. 20, Vol. 11. Expressed in CAN$/tonne, the trend similarly shows an overall decline in the price of copper, with some month-to-month fluctuations, from the beginning of 2013 to July 2016. The range of the decline is different however due to currency exchange. Exhibit RR-2015-003-38.06, Vol. 1 at 247-48.

[45].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-21.05, Vol. 5.1 at 154-61; Exhibit RR-2015-003-12.19, Vol. 1.4A at 300; Exhibit RR‑2015-003-25.01, Vol. 7.1 at 264; Exhibit RR-2015-003-23.01, Vol. 7 at 114-15.

[46].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-05D, Table 16, Vol. 1.1.

[47].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05, tab 3, Vol. 11.

[48].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-05, Table 26, Vol. 1.1.

[49].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05, tab 5, Vol. 11.

[50].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-05C, Table 8, Vol. 1.1. The Tribunal requested import data both in pieces and in pounds, but collected all other information in pieces. Some importers indicated that they were unable to provide data in pounds. Other respondents, that normally conduct transactions using pounds, provided estimates in pieces in order to respond to the Tribunal’s questionnaire. However, the varied product mix, in terms of size and weight of fittings, makes an estimated conversion of pounds to pieces difficult. In addition, most responding importers were unable to provide sales data by country of origin, as all copper pipe fittings are stored together regardless of country of origin and are not differentiated when they are sold. As a result, the volumes of sales of imports of goods from the subject countries and non-subject countries were estimated as described in the Investigation Report. Exhibit RR-2015-003-05, Vol. 1.1 at 2-5. The trend in market size observed in the Investigation Report differs from that found by the CBSA, which concluded that “. . . the apparent Canadian market has decreased in value and volume since 2013”: CBSA Statement of Reasons, Copper Pipe Fittings (3 August 2016) at para. 38, online: Canada Border Services Agency <http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/sima-lmsi/er-rre/rr2015-003/rr2015-003-de-eng... Exhibit RR-2015-003-04 (protected), Vol. 2 at 9.

[51].    Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 43-44.

[52].    Exhibit RR-2015-005-A-03 at paras. 3, 15, Vol. 11.

[53].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06C (protected), Table 3, Vol. 2.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-05C, Table 4, Vol. 1.1.

[54].    Ibid.

[55].    Copper Pipe Fittings at para. 122; Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 51-52.

[56].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05 at paras. 30-31, Vol. 11; Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 29-30.

[57].    See paragraph 37.2(2)(c) of the Regulations. Hot-rolled Carbon Steel Plate and High-strength Low-alloy Steel Plate (7 January 2014), RR-2013-002 (CITT) at para. 85. In Thermoelectric Containers at para. 14, the Tribunal stated that the requirement in an expiry review is for the Tribunal to draw logical conclusions from the relevant information before it, and that information will often appropriately include the performance of the domestic and foreign industries during the POR, when anti-dumping and countervailing duties are in place. Aluminum Extrusions at para. 21.

[58].    See paragraph 37.2(2)(k) of the Regulations.

[59].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06C (protected), Tables 7, 8, Vol. 2.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-06E (protected), Tables 17, 18, Vol. 2.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-06 (protected), Tables 20, 21, Vol. 2.1. During the hearing, there were concerns raised regarding the manner in which Cello allocated certain expenses when reporting its financial results for domestic sales and domestic production. However, following extensive examination of the witnesses, the Tribunal is satisfied that Cello’s allocations were not unreasonable and that the data that it provided reflect appropriately its financial results for sales from domestic production (in both the domestic market and export market) over the POR.

[60].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06C (protected), Tables 7, 8, Vol. 2.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-05C, Table 8, Vol. 1.1.

[61].    Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 50-51.

[62].    Ibid. at 43.

[63].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06C (protected), Tables 5, 9, Vol. 2.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-03 at para. 6, Vol. 11; Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-06 (protected), Attachment 7, Vol. 12; Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 29.

[64].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-06 (protected) at paras. 40, 42, Vol. 12; Exhibit RR-2015-003-06D (protected), Table 9, Vol. 2.1; Transcript of Pubic Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 23, 29-30, 51-52.

[65].    Transcript of Pubic Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 30; Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-04 (protected) at para. 3, Vol. 12; Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-06 (protected) at para. 28, Vol. 12.

[66].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-03 at paras. 9-10, Vol. 11; Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-04 (protected) at paras. 9-10, Vol. 12.

[67].    Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 13, 21, 56.

[68].    Ibid. at 33; Transcript of In Camera Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 70-71.

[69].    Paragraphs 37.2(2)(a), (d), (f), (h) and (i) of the Regulations.

[70].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-05D, Table 16, Vol. 1.1.

[71].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05, Attachment 2, “Building & Construction in Asia 2015-2019: South Korea”, BIS Shrapnel, January 2016.

[72].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-21.05, Vol. 5.1 at 54.

[73].    Ibid. at 60.

[74].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05, tab 2, Vol. 11.

[75].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-05, Table 25, Vol. 1.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-06 (protected), Table 25 and Schedules 1, 2, Vol. 2.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-30.01 (protected), Vol. 8.1E at 172-73.

[76].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06C (protected), Table 7, Vol. 2.1.

[77].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-11A (protected), Table 36, Vol. 2.3.

[78].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-12.01, Vol. 1.4 at 18-19.

[79].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05 at para. 32, Vol. 11; Transcript of In Camera Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 69.

[80].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-23.01, Vol. 7, at 99, 104-11, 123-34.

[81].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-01, tab 1, Vol. 11.

[82].    Ibid. at para. 22.

[83].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06C (protected), Table 3, Vol. 2.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-05C, Table 6, Vol. 1.1.

[84].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05 at para. 15, Vol. 11. The evidence from the last expiry review also confirms that the subject goods maintained a presence in the Canadian market following the Tribunal’s initial finding. Copper Pipe Fittings at para. 142; Exhibit RR-2015-003-11D (protected), Table 12, Vol. 2.3.

[85].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06C (protected), Tables 3, 5, Vol. 2.1. Imports from Korea registered the most significant drop in volume over the POR. Witnesses for Cello suggested that this was due to the fact that the normal values applicable to Korean exports were not competitive relative to the low prices of the goods from non-subject countries. Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 24, 50. Meanwhile, imports of the subject goods from China increased from 2013 to 2015, before decreasing in the first quarter of 2016 compared to the first quarter of 2015. Imports from the United States declined from 2013 to 2015 and again in the first quarter of 2016. Exhibit RR-2015-003-06C (protected), Tables 3, 4, Vol. 2.1.

[86].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06B (protected), Tables 12, 14, Vol. 2.1; Exhibit RR-2015-003-09 (protected), Vol. 2.4A at 83.

[87].    Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 12-15.

[88].    Transcript of In Camera Hearing, 11 October 2016, at 70-71, 78-80; Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 33, 37-38. See also, on a related point, Exhibit RR-2015-003-30.01 (protected), Vol. 8.1E at 167.

[89].    Paragraph 37.2(2)(b) of the Regulations.

[90].    The net delivered purchase price of imports includes freight, handling, insurance to the importer’s Canadian warehouse, customs and other duties, brokerage fees and surcharges. However, as noted earlier, some importers that normally conduct transactions using pounds provided estimates in pieces in order to respond to the Tribunal’s questionnaire. This estimate is less than perfect due to the product mix.

[91].    The net delivered selling price includes freight, handling and insurance from point of direct shipment in Canada.

[92].    Exhibit RR-2015-005-06 (protected), Table 12, Vol. 2.1; Exhibit RR-2015-005-06B (protected), Table 14, Vol. 2.1.

[93].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06B (protected), Table 10, Vol. 2.1.

[94].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05 at paras. 30-31, Vol. 11; Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 23-24, 29-30, 51-52.

[95].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-06D (protected), Tables 1, 10, Vol. 2.1. The Investigation Report Supplement also presents net delivered purchase prices in terms of dollars per pound (Exhibit RR-2015-003-06D (protected), Table 14, Vol. 2.1). While data in dollars per pound were not provided by all importers and are thus incomplete, where points of comparison were available, the net delivered purchase prices of imports from non-subject countries generally undercut Cello’s net delivered selling prices (Exhibit RR-2015-003-26.01 (protected), Vol. 8.1 at 13), including for imports by importers identified as wholesaler-distributors. The results were mixed for imports from the subject-countries.

[96].    Exhibit RR-2015-003-13.09 (protected), Vol. 2.4A at 83; Exhibit RR-2015-003-31A (protected), Vol. 2 at 34.

[97].    Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 12-13, 29-30; Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05 at paras. 40‑43, Vol. 11; Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-03 at para. 6, Vol. 11. Mr. Howell also documented several specific instances over the last year where Cello has had to lower its prices in order to remain competitive against imports from non-subject countries: Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-06 (protected), tab 7, Vol. 12.

[98].    Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 29. Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-05 at para. 14, Vol. 11.

[99].    Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 15.

[100]. See paragraphs 37.2(2)(e) and (g) of the Regulations.

[101]. See paragraph 37.2(2)(k) of the Regulations.

[102]. Exhibit RR-2015-003-06C (protected), Tables 5, 9; Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-03 at para. 6, Vol. 11; Exhibit RR‑2015-003-A-06 (protected), Attachment 7, Vol. 12.

[103]. Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 14-15.

[104]. Ibid. at 29.

[105]. Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-04 (protected) at paras. 12-14, 17, Vol. 12.

[106]. Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 79; Transcript of In Camera Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 67-68.

[107]. Exhibit RR-2015-003-A-03 at para. 15, Vol. 11.

[108]. Exhibit RR-2015-003-12.01, Vol. 1.4 at 36, 46.

[109]. CBSA Statement of Reasons, Copper Pipe Fittings (3 August 2016), at para. 17, online: Canada Border Services Agency <http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/sima-lmsi/er-rre/rr2015-003/rr2015-003-de-eng... Exhibit RR-2015-003-04 (protected) at para. 128, Vol. 2. On November 22, 2016, 17.73 Chinese renminbi = 3.46 Canadian dollar, at an exchange rate of 0.1951 (nominal rate).

[110]. CBSA Statement of Reasons, Copper Pipe Fittings (3 August 2016), at para. 110, online: Canada Border Services Agency <http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/sima-lmsi/er-rre/rr2015-003/rr2015-003-de-eng....

[111]. Hetex Garn A.G. v. The Anti-dumping Tribunal, [1978] 2 F.C. 507 (FCA); Sacilor Aciéries v. Anti-dumping Tribunal (1985) 9 C.E.R. 210 (CA); Binational Panel, Induction Motors Originating From the United States of America (Injury) (11 September 1991), CDA-90-1904-01; Binational Panel, Certain Cold-Rolled Steel Products Originating or Exported From the United States of America (Injury) (13 July 1994), CDA-93-1904-09.

[112]. Aluminum Extrusions at para. 187.

[113]. Certain Fasteners (6 January 2010), RR-2009-001 (CITT) at para. 245.

[114]. Exhibit RR-2015-003-36.01, Vol. 1.5 at 135.

[115]. Exhibit RR-2015-003-34.01A, Vol. 1.5 at 130.3-130.6; Exhibit RR-2015-003-36.01, Vol. 1.5 at 146; Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 60-62.

[116]. Transcript of Public Hearing, Vol. 1, 11 October 2016, at 46-47.